Adaptive Headlights

Maybe with headlights, but other bulbs could be replaced with low energy long life types when they fail.

I dunno about the US, but in the UK it's common to see older cars with many of the rear lights, etc, not operating. The use of quality well designed LEDs, more attention to grounding rear lights properly and 'hard' wiring to the bulbs should end this as they should last the life of the car.

Reply to
Dave Plowman (News)
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Therefore incandescents will always be around. They still make buggy whips too (just not very many).

Yeah I had a British car once too.

(I'm in Canada BTW, not the US; although I lived in LA for a decade I preferred Canada. I'm also the evil bastard that convinced Stern to move to Canada; he lives a couple of hours from me)

Yeah, ABOUT that. The first time I saw a real LED work back in the 70's I looked at it and thought "man, this is gonna change everything". 30 years later they show up in some flashlights and as 18-wheeler taillights. I'm still waiting. There isn't one single drop in replacement LED signalling bulb I'm aware of and while it may happen in time, that time aint yet.

And then you have the purists. These are the guys for which not only does the bulbs have to be correct it has to be exactly the same as the one the factory shipped it with, all markings intact etc. I do realize it's a very niche market but you're not gonna win a concours with a batwing CSL or Gullwing with LED taillights.

Reply to
Richard Sexton

Which really is what I meant.

;-) Perhaps it's the fact that old Japanese cars go on and on that leads to so many rear lamp problems.

Ah - that's the best way. No motor makers to create myths round.

There are 'drop in' types, but not E marked so not legal in Europe - although this may change. Although rather the same applies as using discharge types in a lamp unit designed for tungsten - the optics aren't optimised for an LED substitute.

Indeed. My comments referred to what is likely to happen in the near future with new production.

Reply to
Dave Plowman (News)

Dave Plowman (News) wrote:

[LED replacements for existing vehicle lamps]

Won't. "LED bulb" retrofits are not safely usable *not* just because they lack an E-mark, but because they are fundamentally incompatible with optics designed for use with a filament bulb. It's not a question of "optimisation", as you stated. It is a question of fundamental optic design, and the output characteristics of LEDs differ so radically from those of filaments that a drop-in "LED bulb" replacement is just not physically possible right now.

About 10 days ago, I had dinner with Osram Optoelectronics' LED R&D chief, and we discussed in detail the question of an LED device to directly and effectively/safely/legally replace a standard filament bulb. He's thought about this question at great length, and done a great many experiments and studies. At the **CONCEPTUAL** level, it could theoretically be done using a Lambertian-emitting LED powerhead (this is the side-and-rear emitting type which has the same surface luminance regardless of the angle of view -- in contrast to the conventional "straight ahead" emitters which produce a spot beam facing straight away from the emitter). The powerhead would have to be engineered such that its surface luminance and far-field illuminance are within the 90th percentile tolerance of the luminance and illuminance of the specific filament bulb one wanted to replace, *from all polar angles*. For a P21W or P21/5W replacement, this would take an estimated 10,000 man-hours of R&D because no existing product even remotely approaches the 90th-percentile tolerance range relative to P21W or P21/5W. The R&D chief estimated this would begin to become an economical product to develop at high OEM volumes of around 10 million, which defeats the point of developing such a device, because at that point it becomes more economical to develop a new LED solution independent of what went before, i.e., we discard the notion of backwards compatibility with filament bulbs. There is an existing first-generation Lambertian-emitting LED powerhead, the Osram Joule,

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. It is used in thecurrent Mercury Mountaineer SUV in the North American market. Anoptical system (lens and reflector) can be designed that will producecompliant performance from either a Joule LED or a conventional bulb,**If contemplated from the lamp design stage that there will be bulband LED versions of the lamp**. He has spent many hours testing JouleLEDs in pre-existing bulb-type optics-he has specially-modified Joulepowerheads that can be moved axially to correct the focal length forwhatever lamp reflector is being tested. He mounts them in an axialmicromanipulator and finds the optimal placement of the powerhead. Hehas found a compliance rate of a little under 50%. That is, with thestate-of-the-art LED emitter, he can make about half the bulb-typelamps he tests produce minimally compliant photometry. There's nopredictability to it; some lamps that are conceptually identical butstylistically different will give different pass/fail results. And, thecompliance success rate is helped by the relatively low intensityrequirements for ECE-spec vehicle exterior lighting devices relative toNorth American-spec items. US amber rear turn signal intensityrequirements are 130-750cd, ECE requirements are much lower at45-180cd. Likewise, a US brake lamp is 70-300cd, while an ECE brakelamp is much lower at 54-167cd. So, the minimum permissible intensityof ECE brake and signal lamps is between 35% and 77% of the minimumpermissible US intensity. Where overall intensity is a limiting factorin LED retrofit success, these numbers are significant. But all of this is theoretical right now. The "LED bulbs" presently available consist of a cluster of axial-emitting LEDs grafted onto a bulb-type base, and they are not only without E-mark, they are physically without hope of producing even barely minimally adequate safety performance. The result of using such an "LED bulb", under the best of conditions, is a 25mm spot of insufficiently intense light. Distribution and intensity of light through the required vertical and horizontal angles, and dispersion across the required minimum projected effective surface area, is not even remotely approached. And yes, this applies to the fancy/expensive "deluxe LED bulbs" with side-facing as well as rear-facing emitters, too. So, no, your guess that the legality of these devices "may change" has no basis in fact.

DS

Reply to
Daniel J. Stern

So that would be your recommend upgrade for an E46?

Reply to
dizzy

Yep. Hit Candlepower ( snipped-for-privacy@candlepower.ca) to get 'em.

Reply to
Daniel J. Stern

How about checking a junkyard to see if you can find a set of BMW OE Xenon HID adaptive lights? I would imagine it would be a straight swap. Brand new, it sold for a *bargain* price of $700 or $800!

Reply to
bfd

Not at all a trivial swap. The headlamps themselves are usually a direct bolt-in, but there's a great deal of additional wiring and ancillary gear (steering angle sensors, yaw sensors, vehicle height sensors), additional brain boxes and/or different and/or reprogrammed BCM.

Reply to
Daniel J. Stern

Cool. I'm curious, don't you want to sell them to me? I found them easily on your Web site, while finding candlepower's Web site a bit, err, opaque.

Reply to
dizzy

We're talking about the high-beams, here, right?

Reply to
dizzy

Be happy to. Send me an e-mail. I don't like getting all commercial-like in public, is all-obviously, I was meant to be a marketer, LOL!

Reply to
Daniel J. Stern

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