To add to the previous post, if you are lucky and catch it quick, you will only need to replace the fuel solenoid driver (FSD). However, if not then the excessive heat will have baked the optical sensor inside the pump and the entire pump will need to be replaced. Regardless, if your truck is not still under the waranty coverage (11 years, 120k miles) then take it to a reputable diesel shop that rebuilds its own Stanadyne pumps. You will be able to get away for around $1500.00 where the dealer would charge an out-of-waranty vehicle over $2000.00. The dealer doesn't remanufacture the pumps, so he has to pass on the cost of the new pump to you. I had a '95 Chevy C1500 with the 6.5L turbo-diesel and I had to go through this entire process myself, so I'm talking from first-hand experience.
Either way (FSD only or full pump replacement), to prevent this from happening again install a device called an "FSD Cooler". Search for it on the net and you should find several diesel supply houses that will sell it to you online, along with a new FSD if you need one. The FSD Cooler mounts the FSD away from the fuel injection pump and allows the heat it generates to be bled off into the air instead of absorbed into the pump body itself. This is one huge step towards restoring the reliability and performance of the DS4 fuel injection pump your truck uses, which is otherwise an excellent unit if it weren't for the side-mounted FSD. If all you need is an FSD and wish to install the FSD Cooler, don't bother trying to remove the old one from the side of the pump - you will have to remove the intake manifold to do so and it's not worth the trouble. Just buy a new FSD with the cooler and install both as a set. The standard mounting position for the FSD Cooler is such that you will have to fish out the wiring harness from the old one around the intake manifold, but you won't need to buy an extension. Why GM doesn't make this standard on these motors is beyond me.
Check to see if any codes have been set in your truck's computer. Depending on the code, this will be an early indication of whether you need only a new FSD or an entire pump. Post back if you have any additional questions, and I will be happy to tell you what I can.
Cheers - Jonathan