First of all, I am new to this group, and to Jeeps. Yesterday I bought my first Jeep, a '78 CJ7, 3 speed V8! It has some issues, among the more obvious of which is a faulty fuel gauge.
Symptom: The needle jumps back and forth erratically. Many of the posts that I've searched had to do with a dead needle, thus my post.
I'm not sure if this should be my first of many repair projects on this Jeep, but it seems like as good a place as any to start!
Jordan
Wow, it works!
Jumping can be a dry needle. It uses grease to buffer it's movement. Old age.
Meanwhile, everything you need to know about CJ gauges is here:
Hi Jordan, That could only be a bad connection. I would just turn the ignition on, and start wiggling the wire harness from the gauges, through the firewall, frame, and back to the tank. Maybe buy a voltmeter and test along the way including the tank's ground. God Bless America, Bill O|||||||O mailto: snipped-for-privacy@aol.com
On Thu, 12 Jul 2007 16:12:16 -0700, "L.W. \(Bill\) Hughes III" wrote:
How Psychopaths View Their World.
Most psychopaths are very arrogant and cocky. However, when charming a potential victim, they say all the "right" things and make you believe they are kind-hearted souls; not always, but often enough. The truth is, psychopaths are not altruistic and do not really care about friendships or ties. Guggenbuhl-Craig states that they are very talented at appearing much more humble than the average person, but are hardly so. Some are also able to feign concern about the lower classes and profess that they are on the side of the underdog, the poor, and so forth. A psychopath may claim, for instance (if he's from a low socio-economic class), that he dislikes rich people intensely, but at the same time, he will inwardly yearn and envy what they have. He is like the narcissist, desiring to reflect a false image of himself through his possessions. Among his possessions are included human beings: girlfriends, wives, and children. Some psychopaths can even very fond of animals (contrary to the common viewpoint), but still view them as objects in relation to themselves. The psychopath is filled with greed inside, relating to the world through power, even though, as I said, on the outside he can claim to be on the side of the disenfranchised or the downtrodden. I knew one who liked to repeat phrases such as "they have to stop keeping my brothers down" but he didn't mean a word of it. He was actually aracist. The psychopath can also often identify himself as a revolutionary. On the flip side, the psychopath also often paints a picture of himself as the downcast anti-hero (his "own worst enemy type") and some like to see themselves as lonewolves. The psychopath may even claim he is sensitive and profound, but inside he is nothing but emptiness and greed. Whether or not the psychopath is aware of his behaviour is something that is often debated. I do believe that psychopaths usually know exactly what they are doing, although others suggest that psychopaths are born, not made. I believe that psychopathy is primarily genetic. A son with a psychopathic father often will be psychopathic as well, especially if the father was abusive and/or abandoned the family as well. As mentioned, psychopaths often claim to settle for second best (being their own worst enemy) and then think they deserve better. This may be manifested in the way they seek power -- either through money (i.e. material goods), manipulation and/or treating people as objects. By enacting such behaviours, the psychopath is also trying to "get back" at society and the world, in order to gain retribution. They will spend their entire lives doing this, whether they are rich or poor, or whatever their social background may be, although studies have shown that they often come from an impoverished or lower socio- economic background and/or social status. (In one of Dr.Donald Black's studies, many of the men were "overwhelmingly white, blue collar, lower middle class, and married, and most had not graduated from high school." [Black, 14]). (Let me add, despite Dr. Blacks' studies, psychopaths can still exist in any social class. Do not be misled). I also wanted to point out that I will be using "he" and "him" for the term psychopath throughout this website; let it not be forgotten, yes, female psychopaths exist as well; however, according to the Sixth Edition of Abnormal Behavior, printed in 2000 by three male professors, David, Derald, and Stanley Sue, the rates do differ by gender. Included in their excellent text is a report by the The American Psychiatric Association that the general estimate is 3% for men, and less than 1% in women [Personality Disorders and Impulse Control Disorders, 238]. What is very disturbing about psychopaths, besides their sense of special entitlement, is the complete lack of empathy for normal people, for "antisocials (psychopaths) seem to lack a conscience, feeling little or no empathy for the people whose lives they touch...the antisocial effortlessly resists all regulation, unable to see beyond his self-interest or to adopt standards of right versus wrong." [Black, XIII]. Not all psychopath are uneducated low-class misfits. Some of them are quite handsome and have good careers, and use this all the more to their benefit. Take a look at Ted Bundy; my friend's mother once went on a double-date with him and claimed he was the nicest person. His mother said he was the "best son any mother could have." Bundy was also apparently quite good-looking, which made him even more dangerous. So not all psychopaths are derelict, low-class, high school dropouts, there are many who also work in professional occupations; the fact remains that there are just more psychopaths who come from impoverished backgrounds than not. Also, not all psychopaths are calm, cool, and collected. Some of them appear strange or odd, and their behaviour can be eccentric or unusual. I believe this is what can confuse victims most often. Psychopaths often appear [see pictures here]: intense and "electrifying". Do not be misled if someone appears harmless, "foolish", or seems offbeat. An "angelic" visage can also often fool people. Just picture John Wayne Gacy in his "clown costume" as he entertained children as one example. Another example which someone on the "Victims of Psychopathy" board came up with was Bill Clinton and his "goofy" yet loveable demeanour (so is Clinton really a psychopath? Many believe he is). A psychopath (he was diagnosed anti-social) I knew used the harmless cover-up quite well. Everyone thought he was very funny. I did too, at first. Then, little by little, I realised there was something "not right" about him. At first his seemingly harmless pranks were charming, but after a while, he became more of a nuisance and disrupted our work environment, which created havoc and tension between employees. I've learned, a psychopath can use these disguises for his own hidden purpose.Regardless of race, social class, or occupation, however, the psychopath is dangerous to society, for "the nature of ASP (psychopathy) implies that it wreaks more havoc on society than most other mental illnesses do, since the disorder primarily involves reactions against the social environment that drag other people into its destructive web...The despair and anxiety wrought by antisocials (psychopaths) tragically affects families and communities, leaving deep physical and emotional scars..." [Black, 5]. There is much to the psychopathic personality which is baffling and disturbing. 1 in about 25-30 people are psychopathic (also known as sociopaths or anti-social -- the correct title being psychopath.) Since the majority or them are men, I wrote this site in part, to warn women about the dangers, especially women online, which I believe is a favourite "new medium" which appeals to psychopaths. I have personal experience with this subject as well. This is because "antisocials (psychopaths) are not just characters in our fictional or true-life entertainments. They are family members, friends, co-workers, neighbors, or strangers we may encounter every day." [Black, 10]. Pamela Jayne, M.A., writes that "30% of men are sociopathic." If about every three out of ten men I may meet are psychopathic, I would assume this is not something to take lightly. According to these statistics, that would mean every three out of ten men and maybe every one out of ten females. The truth is, we do not really know exactly how many individuals are psychopathic; however, there seems to be a rise in the prevalence of psychopathy and that is why some claim that numbers are higher. Dr. Black claims that psychopathy leads right behind depression, along with schizophrenia and borderline personality disorder, which is an astounding fact.
I noticed that if I tap on or around the gauge that it makes the needle jump.
Speech patterns offer window into psychiatric disorders It's a scene typical of daytime talk shows, America's showcase for dysfunctional living. The woman who fell for her jailed pen pal is talking at length with no obvious purpose. The host prods for details of the romance, but every answer is exasperatingly vague. "I just love him. He's so nice to me. I like to get his letters. I like to see the mailman."
Shows like this might not seem intellectually stimulating, but listen closely to those arguments, taunts and teary confessions and you might hear a perfect illustration of a breakthrough in psychiatry. School of Medicine researchers have discovered that people with certain psychiatric disorders also have distinctive language patterns that seem to reflect fundamental problems in thinking. The speakers use vague words and usually meander through conversations as if unable to focus on the main point.
These odd speech patterns, common on daytime talk shows, provide direct evidence that many people with antisocial personality disorder and somatization disorder (once called hysteria) also have imbalances in the brain.
"Psychiatrists suspect these disorders are linked to brain chemistry, but it hasn't been proven," said Carol North, M.D., an associate professor of psychiatry and lead author of a paper in a recent issue of Comprehensive Psychiatry. "This study is one of the first to link the disorders to the functioning of the brain."
People with somatization disorder, almost always women, have never-ending complaints -- ranging from vomiting to paralysis --that can't be linked to physical illness. People with antisocial personality disorder might lie, steal and commit vandalism in childhood and progress to more serious offenses such as burglary and dealing drugs. Both disorders also seem to encourage poor decisions in friends, mates and lifestyles. A woman who marries a known wife-beater may well have one of the disorders, North said.
One or both of these disorders afflict about 8 million Americans -- 3 percent of the population. Both tend to run in families, and men with antisocial personality disorder often have female relatives with somatization disorder and vice versa.
Researchers compared the speech of 15 men and women diagnosed with one or both disorders with 10 men and women of similar ages and backgrounds who worked at a medical clinic. All of the subjects were interviewed about topics such as the weather and news of the day. North played audiotapes of the interviews to psychiatrists who didn't know the subjects or their mental-health status.
She trained the psychiatrists to keep score of different speech patterns, including vagueness and meandering sentences. A subject would earn "vague points" by saying something like "Clinton's a good guy. He does good things." If asked about the weather, a meanderer might mention his dog, his breakfast and his dentist before getting to the humidity.
The scorekeepers were able to see many real-life examples of these speech patterns before the study began. They all watched and listened to daytime talk shows as part of their preparation.
Women in the study showed strong differences in speech. Those with either antisocial disorder or somatization disorder were much more likely to use vague or meandering language. These language patterns were even more pronounced in women with both disorders.
The scorekeepers found no difference in speech patterns among the men in the study, and there was a good reason why. The men in the control group showed strong signs of antisocial personality disorder themselves, and two out of the five were actually diagnosed. "We still suspect that men with antisocial personality disorder do speak differently than other men," North said.
Malfunctioning mind Researchers have long known that brain imbalances can alter language. People with psychoses such as schizophrenia may sound as though their sentences have been run through a blender. The jumbled speech, sometimes called "word salad" at its most extreme, clearly reflects problems with brain chemistry and thinking. North believes vague, wandering speech also indicates a malfunctioning mind, and she coined the term "nonpsychotic thought disorder" to describe the distinct language patterns of people with antisocial personality and somatization disorders. It is the first time that anyone has formally linked unusual thought processes to nonpsychotic psychiatric disorders. "Dr. North has made a real contribution to the field," said Richard Wetzel, Ph.D., professor of neurology, of neurological surgery and of psychiatry and co-author of the study. "These are people who think things through in ways that aren't very helpful to themselves or society, and Dr. North has found a way to identify the kinds of problems they have with their thinking."
North and Wetzel hope the recognition of distinct speech patterns will help mental health specialists diagnose personality and somatization disorders. Too many people with the disorders are either labeled psychotic or aren't diagnosed at all, North said.
Paying attention to the speech of these people might even lead to better treatment, she added.
Speech patterns offer window into psychiatric disorders It's a scene typical of daytime talk shows, America's showcase for dysfunctional living. The woman who fell for her jailed pen pal is talking at length with no obvious purpose. The host prods for details of the romance, but every answer is exasperatingly vague. "I just love him. He's so nice to me. I like to get his letters. I like to see the mailman."
Shows like this might not seem intellectually stimulating, but listen closely to those arguments, taunts and teary confessions and you might hear a perfect illustration of a breakthrough in psychiatry. School of Medicine researchers have discovered that people with certain psychiatric disorders also have distinctive language patterns that seem to reflect fundamental problems in thinking. The speakers use vague words and usually meander through conversations as if unable to focus on the main point.
These odd speech patterns, common on daytime talk shows, provide direct evidence that many people with antisocial personality disorder and somatization disorder (once called hysteria) also have imbalances in the brain.
"Psychiatrists suspect these disorders are linked to brain chemistry, but it hasn't been proven," said Carol North, M.D., an associate professor of psychiatry and lead author of a paper in a recent issue of Comprehensive Psychiatry. "This study is one of the first to link the disorders to the functioning of the brain."
People with somatization disorder, almost always women, have never-ending complaints -- ranging from vomiting to paralysis --that can't be linked to physical illness. People with antisocial personality disorder might lie, steal and commit vandalism in childhood and progress to more serious offenses such as burglary and dealing drugs. Both disorders also seem to encourage poor decisions in friends, mates and lifestyles. A woman who marries a known wife-beater may well have one of the disorders, North said.
One or both of these disorders afflict about 8 million Americans -- 3 percent of the population. Both tend to run in families, and men with antisocial personality disorder often have female relatives with somatization disorder and vice versa.
Researchers compared the speech of 15 men and women diagnosed with one or both disorders with 10 men and women of similar ages and backgrounds who worked at a medical clinic. All of the subjects were interviewed about topics such as the weather and news of the day. North played audiotapes of the interviews to psychiatrists who didn't know the subjects or their mental-health status.
She trained the psychiatrists to keep score of different speech patterns, including vagueness and meandering sentences. A subject would earn "vague points" by saying something like "Clinton's a good guy. He does good things." If asked about the weather, a meanderer might mention his dog, his breakfast and his dentist before getting to the humidity.
The scorekeepers were able to see many real-life examples of these speech patterns before the study began. They all watched and listened to daytime talk shows as part of their preparation.
Women in the study showed strong differences in speech. Those with either antisocial disorder or somatization disorder were much more likely to use vague or meandering language. These language patterns were even more pronounced in women with both disorders.
The scorekeepers found no difference in speech patterns among the men in the study, and there was a good reason why. The men in the control group showed strong signs of antisocial personality disorder themselves, and two out of the five were actually diagnosed. "We still suspect that men with antisocial personality disorder do speak differently than other men," North said.
Malfunctioning mind Researchers have long known that brain imbalances can alter language. People with psychoses such as schizophrenia may sound as though their sentences have been run through a blender. The jumbled speech, sometimes called "word salad" at its most extreme, clearly reflects problems with brain chemistry and thinking. North believes vague, wandering speech also indicates a malfunctioning mind, and she coined the term "nonpsychotic thought disorder" to describe the distinct language patterns of people with antisocial personality and somatization disorders. It is the first time that anyone has formally linked unusual thought processes to nonpsychotic psychiatric disorders. "Dr. North has made a real contribution to the field," said Richard Wetzel, Ph.D., professor of neurology, of neurological surgery and of psychiatry and co-author of the study. "These are people who think things through in ways that aren't very helpful to themselves or society, and Dr. North has found a way to identify the kinds of problems they have with their thinking."
North and Wetzel hope the recognition of distinct speech patterns will help mental health specialists diagnose personality and somatization disorders. Too many people with the disorders are either labeled psychotic or aren't diagnosed at all, North said.
Paying attention to the speech of these people might even lead to better treatment, she added.
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