AIUI from the OP's post the belt just slipped rather than breaking although by how many teeth is unknown. However it's all a bit odd. If it slipped enough to cause some valves to hit (usually exhaust ones if a belt slips and cam timing gets retarded) then all cylinders should have been affected equally.
It's also not sensible to run a compression test on an engine if the cam timing is known to be out and risk more internal damage than was there to start with. It may be worth fitting a new belt correctly timed and then checking compressions if the labour charge isn't excessive before assuming that anything is in fact bent.
Also as you say, a quick look under the rocker cover can often identify badly bent valves as can checking the valve clearances if the engine has solid lifters rather than hydraulic. A leakdown test with compressed air is of more value than a compression test in such cases and safer as it doesn't require the engine to be cranked over.
-- Dave Baker