Due in no small part to all your encouragement the Stud-from-Hell is no more.
8mm hole in place of stud lines up adequately with holes in gasket and downpipe. Calm is restored to Richard.
Martin, many thanks but I do not need any 5/16" nuts - the remaining studs are 8mm x 1.25 threads which just needed a little fettling at the start of the threads. Goodness knows how the brass nuts I removed actually stayed in place as they are well over-size. The skirted 8mm nuts now fit perfectly.
Costs:
Initially about 10 of my chocolate HSS drills - majority being from a cheapo tin of JCB aero drills from MAKRO, but also a couple of 'green' Bosch HSS.
Then £17 for 4 x 2mm, 2 of each of 4mm, 6mm and 8mm HSS-G drills from Medway Tools and fixings. No idea what HSS-G is. Most of the 2mm are somewhere in the garden now.
Followed by £29 !! for 2 of each of the following in HSS Cobalt from Fixings and Power Tools Direct: 2mm, 4mm, 6mm and 8mm.
All of last Sunday, most of Tuesday evening (in the rain) and a couple of hours tonight.
Your time in reading my appeals for help!
I can't say for definite that the HSS-Co drills saved the day and, in fact, one of the 4mm drills blued.
There was something very hard in the mass of the stud which was nicking the cutting lips/edges of the larger drills. It was about 2.5 mm from the centre and wrecked the 6mm drills with ease, nicked the 8mm ones and did not affect the 2mm ones. Also I never managed to achieve that regular chip formation that large drills generate when cutting properly. They almost, judging from what was carried away by the lubricant, ground the stud out.
In re-assembling everything I note that the Y piece is pulling the downpipe away from the manifold. Should I attempt to pull the Y piece back into shape so that the downpipe is square to the manifold? The side that is lifting is the side that the stud has been removed from replaced with a nut/bolt. I can't remember if I explained that the stud had to be replaced because the thread had failed such that the downpipe could not be tightened against the manifold.
Also is there any benefit from adding some exhaust sealant paste to the new gasket?
Ta
Richard