My dad had a look at the plugs etc today. They were a bit tight :-D. Unfortunately his feeler gauges are only in Imperial :-(. The gaps were 23/1000, 23/1000, 25/1000 and 26/1000. They should be 0.6mm (about 23/1000-24/1000). There was some carbon on top of the pistons, but he said it's nothing to worry about, it was only a thin layer. I also noticed that some of the carbon on my spark plugs seems to have been burnt off.
We put the old plugs back in (the ones that came with the car) and set the gaps to 35/1000 (about 0.9mm), which is what they should be on the Cinquecento. I didn't actually realise that the gaps were wrong until just now :-(. Anyway, after driving, the pinking is hardly there at all :-). It is a bit harder to start though :-(.
As the gaps have effected the pinking, does this mean that it's not the carbon causing the predetonation? Does it seem right for the gaps to be so different for the Sei and Cinq even though the engines (and many of the other parts) are identical? Another possibility is that the old plugs were cleaned before being used.