I've owned a '80 300SD since new and find that its routine, by the book, maintenance and needed repairs about equal its fuel cost on a per mile basis. That's about $.045/ mile for fuel plus another $.045/mile for the maintenance needed to keep the car in very good shape.
Be happy you found a car with extensive maintenance records - you now know it's been serviced regularly, if that's in fact what they show. A new transmission is unusual however, ask if a teenager drove the car before it needed the new box.
This straight six is a good engine that will last for many miles. Its aluminum cylinder head and headgasket are its weak point. The cooling system MUST be very well maintained to avoid overheating the engine for overheating can cause the head gasket to blow and or the aluminum cylinderhead to crack. A new head is expensive so do the required cooling system maintenance and don't charge long hills in hot weather with the A/C running full blast.
Also know that some shops, especially dealers, charge very much, IMHO, for simple routine work by claiming the flat rate book calls for X hours of labor when in fact, their mechanic does the job in much less actual time. Maintenance is called a "C" or "E" service and costs several hundred $$ but if you look at the bill and figure how long it would take an experienced mechanic using a lift to DO the work you'll find the labor charge is unconscionable.
This sounds like a reasonable car and is in demand by diesel fans. If you buy it have an independent M-B shop undertake a pre-purchase inspection BEFORE the cash is passed. Then you'll know whether it's a good value or a list of potential problems. The engine's compression is the most telling measure of a diesel's health so be sure its included.