Yes...and the large majority of Honda Accords have timing belts that require periodic replacement to avoid catastrophic engine damage while the Prius does not have a timing belt that requires replacement.
Generally, we are comparing the fuel, maintenance, and repair costs of a Prius to other similar non-hybrid vehicles sold at the same time as the Prius. It is irrelevant whether you would characterize the Prius or the comparable non-hybrid cars as 'modern' or not.