Not really. The thing is, short of refilling it with petrol again he did the absolute worst thing you could do after a mis-fuel and despite that, it still ran well for another year. That surprised me. It really doesn't tell you what effect a short term run with a petrol/diesel mix would have.
By "lose their hardening" do you mean the case hardening becomes softer? That would be somewhat bizarre. Or do you mean wear through to the softer material beneath? In that case I would agree in the case of a tank of 100% petrol, or close to it. But in the case of the OP, it's goiing to be running on at least 2/3 diesel, and improving, according to his own idea of dealing with the matter. That means he has slightly reduced lubricity for a short time. I think he was totally right in his instinct, although as Duncan says, draining the tank will not hurt.
I just don't accept the claim often seen here that *any* petrol in the system automatically means disaster. It belongs along with the "It's the brakes, do you want your entire family to die?" brand of paranoia we see whenever someone mentions a spot of rust on a disc.
The hardened surface flakes off, causing rapid wear. The pieces of material block the injectors.
My information comes from someone who spent a number of years in various roadside and recovery roles. He has seen dozens of vehicles mis-fuelled in the same way as the OP that have only been run long enough to clear the forecourt, yet have needed recovery and repairs.
MB are just about the worst, with VAG cars second. As someone else has mentioned, in the case of MB, repairs can cost 3k UKP and up.
Misfuellng happened to my father in laws car when the petrol station wrongly fueled its storage tanks after a refit , it completly screwed the injection system he drove about 2 miles .
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