It inducts as near to its capacity as it can every revolution whatever the throttle position. (actually every two revolutions since its 4 stroke). This can be improved with free flow filters, exhausts, and better ports / valves much as a petrol engine can be. It will then only make more power if the fueling is increased to match the airflow improvement.
They do not draw in as much air as needed as you think!
If you block off the intake with say a very dirty filter, then the fuel injected at wot conditions will be greater than the oxygen required to burn it and you get less power and black smoke.
The opposite is also true. Allow more air in through various engine mods and it can make more power. If you add the extra fuel as well.
The easiest way is of course to wind up the boost by some (simple) means as this will increase airflow (the reason diesels really need a turbo), as its simple and cheap!
All filters are restrictive. And all will decrease airflow. Some less than others.
It will be, if you wind up the boost you get more power. More still if you throw the filter away!