Re: 3-wire 02 sensor and shell ground?

Apr 01, 2004 7 Replies

You wouldn't get a signal!



The O2 sensor needs to reach 600 degrees farenheit to put the engine in closed loop, then the coolant temprature sensor puts the computer in a total closed loop state when it reaches it's specified temp: 195, 200, 205.



Refinish King


I've been reading thru the archives wrt O2 sensors, such as
>
>

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> On a 3-wire ZrO2 sensor, does the sensor shell or body, threaded to
> the exhaust downpipe or similar, act as the ground?
>
> i.e., two of the wires are for the integrated heater circuit, with one
> supplying power, and the other the ground (for the heater circuit) >
> The 3rd wire is the signal wire, ~ 0V - 1V (0.2V - 0.8V) input to the
> ECU. But doesn't that wire need a ground (in several wiring diagrams
> I've looked at, the ground symbol is never shown for it at the
> downpipe area). A post or two do stress cleaning the O2 sensor
> mounting point. But the signal voltage is so low, wouldn't it need a
> cleaner ground than an exhaust pipe, which would ultimately ground
> it's way thru gaskets, to the head or engine block, then onto the
> battery negative terminal?
>
> I might do this to learn some time - what would happen if the O2
> sensor was pulled from the exhaust pipe, left connected to the ECU,
> and just placed in open air? Inside O2 levels vs outside O2 levels
> would be the same - no differential for voltage - but it's no longer
> grounded(?)? What would the signal wire output or ECU input voltage > read?

Not true AFAIK. Three wire sensors use the threads/shell for signal ground, and the two heater wires are electrically isolated from the sensor and body of it. The heater wires are even the same color, black, and the sensor wire is white, at least on the Bosch/Ford senors I have.

And yes, there is frequently a problem with bad ground and the low voltage levels from teh sensor, which is why most use four wire sensors now, with a dedicated sensor ground.

Thomas

wrong

closed loop is controlled by coolant sensor only

never heard of a 'partial' closed loop state; please, expand on this !!!!

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Okay - not the best/an incomplete example on my part. What would happen if the O2 sensor was heated to operating temp, outside the exhaust stream, wrt to its ground: would it still generate a signal?

Lance

My fault - I gave a poor example (w/the sensor not being heated/in closed loop), per my other recent post. But I can't see where the signal ref grnd, on a 3-wire, is the same as the heater grnd.

It looks like a 4-wire has two grounds: one for the pre-heater and one for the signal (the latter which some archived posts refer to as a redundant ground for the signal)

No, or more precisely it would generate a "lean" signal, which is absence of voltage from the sensor.

The sensor works as a battery, with a solid state electrolyte, and at high temperatures it generates a voltage depending on differencies in oxygen levels on the inside and outside of the sensor. Same level ->

no voltage.

Thomas

Closed loop is not entered unless there is some switching action from the sensor also, at least not for Ford EEC-IV systems.

Thomas

[from earlier post]

Thanks. Right, little or no O2 differential, per the above. Low for lean. But the shell is not grounded... so no signal (from O2 sensor) at all I would think (PCM/ECU would be in command)?

Lance

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