I looked into this in relation to fitting tubeless tyres to some large saloon cars of the fifties. The lack of real knowledge and experience in the tyre industry was frightening - I couldn't find anyone who could cite any studies or reports that led to the relevant BS (AU50) saying quite unequivocally that standard drop centre rims "should not be used for tubeless radial tyres, unless a tube is fitted". Tyre makers referred me to wheel makers, and wheel makers to tyre makers. None of them would put it in writing that you could use them - not even with restrictions of pressure or load, so the BS AU50 advice must stand, and I think it would be a brave or foolish man who'd stand up in court and claim he knew better than the BS.
As regards tubes, yes, as others have said, a tubeless tyre without internal ribs or labels, used with a good tube (defined how? - given that few enough places sell tubes of any sort) will often be fine, but if you do get a nail in it you lose the safety aspect of slow deflation that a tubeless tyre can give. It's interesting that very few tyres are dual labelled as TL/TT, and makers such as Goodyear sell some tyres in both TT and TL forms.